Flexor and extensor tendon repair surgery in the hand is a procedure to restore function after a tendon injury. Tendons in the hand allow for smooth finger movement and grip strength, but an injury to these tendons can make bending or straightening the fingers challenging. For patients in Nebraska and Iowa, this guide explains the procedure, recovery, and expected outcomes of flexor and extensor tendon repair surgery.
What Are Flexor and Extensor Tendons?
- Flexor Tendons: Located on the palm side, these tendons allow the fingers to bend and grip.
- Extensor Tendons: Located on the back of the hand, these tendons allow fingers to straighten.
Injuries to these tendons may result from deep cuts, fractures, or sports injuries, often leading to pain, loss of function, and difficulty with everyday tasks.
Symptoms of Flexor or Extensor Tendon Injury
- Inability to Bend or Straighten Fingers: A hallmark symptom where movement becomes restricted.
- Pain and Tenderness: Especially in the hand or forearm, near the site of injury.
- Swelling and Bruising: Visible around the affected area, which may worsen with movement.
- Visible Cut or Trauma: An open wound, cut, or other physical injury may be present.
When is Tendon Repair Surgery Recommended?
Surgery is often recommended for tendon injuries that result in significant loss of movement or function, particularly if:
- Non-Surgical Treatments Fail: Splinting or therapy has not restored function.
- The Tendon is Severely Torn or Cut: In cases where the tendon is completely severed, surgery is necessary for reattachment.
Flexor and Extensor Tendon Repair Surgery
Tendon repair is typically an outpatient procedure, performed under local, regional, or general anesthesia, depending on the case.
- Incision and Tendon Access: The surgeon makes an incision to access the injured tendon and assess the injury.
- Tendon Repair: For flexor tendons, the torn ends are stitched back together, often requiring meticulous work due to the tendons’ location. For extensor tendons, similar stitching techniques are used to reconnect the tendon ends.
- Wound Closure and Protection: The incision is closed, and a splint is applied to keep the hand in a protective position.
Preparing for Tendon Repair Surgery in Nebraska and Iowa
To prepare for tendon repair surgery:
- Consultation and Imaging: Your hand specialist will review your injury and confirm the need for surgery.
- Pre-Surgery Instructions: Follow any instructions on fasting and medication adjustments, and arrange for transportation on the day of surgery.
- Set Up for Recovery: Arrange for assistance with daily activities, as hand movement will be restricted during initial recovery.
Recovery After Tendon Repair Surgery
Recovery from flexor or extensor tendon repair requires a structured approach to regain movement and prevent re-injury.
- Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain relief, along with elevation, helps reduce discomfort.
- Splinting: A splint or brace is worn for several weeks to protect the repaired tendon and prevent accidental movement.
- Hand Therapy: Early and guided hand therapy is crucial for restoring function. Physical therapy helps maintain joint flexibility, prevent stiffness, and strengthen the tendons.
Recovery Timeline
- First 4-6 Weeks: Splinting and limited movement to protect the tendon while it heals.
- 6-12 Weeks: Physical therapy focuses on regaining range of motion and strengthening the repaired tendon.
- 3-6 Months: Gradual return to regular activities, though some patients may take up to a year for full recovery.
Long-Term Outcomes
With dedicated therapy and adherence to post-surgical care, most patients regain a high degree of hand function. Flexor and extensor tendon repair surgery has excellent success rates, though patience with rehabilitation is essential for optimal results.
